Interpretations of Gandhian Values in Architecture: Symphony between Affordability and Sustainability

Abstract

The paper discusses various Gandhian Values in Architecture that can be interpreted by observing the works of various architects either directly admitted by the architect or unconsciously could be seen in an architectural literature case study. The paper will discuss the work of Ar. Laurie Baker and Ar. Hassan Fathy as they contributed vastly in traditional vernacular architecture implying low-cost and showing the symphony between Affordability and Sustainability. The elements of Gandhian values can also additionally contextualize various design and innovation practices within the spectrum of low-cost construction. Projects by Ar. Laurie Baker and Ar. Hasan Fathy, who are often regarded as "low-tech," provide an excellent example of the growth of "appropriate technology" required for low-cost construction that is both economically sustainable and affordable for all. The approaches taken by the two architects under the influence of Gandhian values directly or indirectly can be considered as a “low-tech” option which is one of the most appropriate responses to a project's socio-economic environment. The approach is prioritizing the selection of materials available within five miles of radius and generation of form and structure while taking into consideration the climate of the site. Developing countries like India are beginning to understand the need for affordable and sustainable structures. Unfortunately, most housing initiatives prioritize affordability over sustainability. This paper is based on a thorough literature study as the basis for developing strategies for integrated, affordable and sustainable building structures. Thus, built structures should be economically sustainable.